Killing of Invasive Species of Ship’s Ballast Water in 20t/h System Using Hydroxyl Radicals

A pilot-scale experiment of 20t/h for the treatment of ships ballast water was done in this paper. With the method of strong ionization discharge of dielectric barrier, O₂ in air and H₂O at gas state are ionized and dissociated into large numbers of OH radicals, and then dissolved into a part of ballast water to form dissolved OH with the concentration of 24.3 mg/L. When the dissolved OH concentration is 0.63 mg/L, the kill efficiencies of bacteria, mono-algae, protozoan reached 100% within 2.67 s. The contents of chl-a, chl-b, chl-c and carotenoid were decreased to 35–64% within 8.0 s and not be tested after 5 min. At the same time, the ballast water quality was greatly improved. Therefore, the treatment of ships ballast water using OH radicals is a kind of advanced oxidation technology, which is considered as zero pollution, zero emission and zero residual in the process of the production, of OH radicals and the treatment of ballast water.Key Project of National Foundation Research from Science and Technology Ministry of China, (2002CCC00900). Key and General Projects of National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC: 60031001, 60371035).     

单极性带电粒子浓度测试方法的研究

提出一种新型球形传感器探测仪，在不同风速、不同激励场强以及不同测试点的情况下对大气压下电晕放电形式产生的带电粒子浓度进行了测量，并分析了等离子体的空间分布情况，同时与DLY型空气离子测量仪的测试结果进行比较. 实验结果表明，球形探测仪对带电粒子浓度的测试结果较为理想，同时，设备操作简单，占用空间小，便于局部定点测量，为研究等离子体的空间分布提供了条件. 关键词： 等离子体 带电粒子浓度 强电场电离放电 大气压     

Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory Study on Excited-State Hydrogen Bonding Dynamics of Acetic Acid Hydrates

The time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) method was performed to investigate the hydrogen-bonding dynamics of acetic acid (AA) hydrates in aqueous solution. For AA, it tends to be both active hydrogen acceptor and donor and denote double H-bonds as O_A···H_W and H_A···O_W, resulting in ring structure hydrates. The ground-state geometry optimizations and electronic transition energies and corresponding oscillation strengths of the low-lying electronically excited states for the isolated AA monomer and the hydrogen-bonded ring structure hydrates are calculated by the density functional theory and TDDFT methods, respectively. Different types of intermolecular hydrogen bonds are formed between one AA molecule and water molecules. According to Zhao’s rule on the excited-state hydrogen bonding dynamics, it can be found that the intermolecular hydrogen bonds O_A···H_W and H_A···O_W are strengthened in electronically excited states of the hydrogen-bonded ring structure hydrates, with the excitation energy of a related excited state being lowered and electronic spectral redshifts being induced. Moreover, the hydrogen bond strengthening in the electronically excited state is crucial to the photophysics and photochemistry of hydrates with AA in aqueous solution.     

Two-stage search algorithm for the inbound container unloading and stacking problem

This study focuses on the inbound container unloading and stacking problem at container terminals and achieves both a reasonable unloading sequence and the optimal yard stacking distribution. A formulation is proposed as the relational expression between the expected number of rehandles and the stacking height. Based on the formulation, an integer programming model is established to both find the optimal stacking distribution and unloading sequence and attempt to minimize the expected number of rehandles. The model can be solved by the commercial solver for small-scale instances. To solve for large-scale instances in the real world, a two-stage search algorithm is designed, therein incorporating an initial stage for generating the feasible solution and a neighborhood search stage for finding the optimal solution. The algorithm can find an optimal solution in polynomial time, which is proved by theoretical methods and evidenced by numerical experiments.     

微波辅助水热法反应参数对NaYF4:Dy3+晶相、形貌、发光性能的影响

采用微波辅助水热法快速制备了可重复性良好的NaYF_4:Dy~(3+)样品,研究了一系列反应参数对NaYF_4:Dy~(3+)晶相、形貌、发光性能的影响。结果表明微波水热反应时间长短并未对产物的晶相、形貌、光谱性能产生明显的影响。Dy~(3+)掺杂浓度的增加并未改变样品晶相、形貌和尺寸,但发光强度发生改变,发光强度的变化趋势为先增大后减小,当Dy~(3+)掺杂浓度(物质的量分数)为1%时发光强度最强。根据具体的理论依据获得的电多极相互作用指数为6,表明Dy~(3+)之间的相互作用为电偶极-电偶极相互作用。研究了表面活性剂的种类与量对NaYF_4:Dy~(3+)晶相的影响。当使用柠檬酸钠和CTAB作为表面活性剂时,可制备得到六方相NaYF_4:Dy~(3+)。增加柠檬酸钠和CTAB的量,样品晶相未发生改变。使用EDTA-2Na作为表面活性剂时,随着EDTA-2Na量的不断增加发生从六方相到立方相晶相的转变。3种表面活性剂使用量不断增加后样品均出现尺寸减小现象。合成的一系列NaYF_4:Dy~(3+)荧光粉均在350nm紫外光激发下,出现Dy~(3+)特征峰。蓝光发射中心为479 nm,对应于Dy~(3+)的4F9/2→6H15/2跃迁;绿光发射中心为572nm,对应于Dy~(3+)的4F9/2→6H13/2跃迁,样品可实现蓝、绿发光。     

Research on the sliding mode control for underactuated surface vessels via parameter estimation

Nonlinear Dynamics - This brief proposes an adaptive sliding mode control law for an underactuated vessel via parameter estimation to follow a desired path. An adaptive continuous PI sliding mode...     

Luminescence study of Eu3+: KGd2F7

A spectroscopic investigation of the host matrix KGd₂F₇ is performed using Eu³⁺ as local probe. Its crystal structure derives from the fluorite-type by an ordering of the cations and anions. On powdered samples with different europium concentrations, the luminescence spectra of Eu³⁺:KGd₂F₇ allowed an identification of a multisite behaviour for the Eu³⁺ ions, leading to a lifetime distribution for the ⁵D₀ emitting level.     

基于时程深度学习的流场特征分析方法

流场的特征分析是流体力学的重要研究方向,传统方法主要根据流动参数量值的大小加以判断,所得结果受选取的参数形式及主观阈值影响大.本文提出了基于流场时程深度学习的流动特征分析新方法,建立了基于自动编码的流动特征提取模型;采用无监督训练方法充分挖掘流动时程信号中的隐含特征,进行流场中复杂时序特征的低维表征与特征分析.开展了R...     

Explicit ultimate bound sets of a new hyperchaotic system and its application in estimating the Hausdorff dimension

The robust adaptive fuzzy control problem is investigated for a single machine bus system with static var compensator (SVC). This design does not require that speed of the generator rotor and susceptance of the overall system are measured, and also does not require that the parameters of controlled system are known accurately. The fuzzy logic systems are used to approximate the nonlinear functions of the system, and a fuzzy state observer is designed to estimate the speed of the generator rotor and susceptance. By utilizing the fuzzy state observer, and combining the adaptive backstepping technique with adaptive fuzzy control design, an observer-based adaptive fuzzy output-feedback control approach is developed. It is proved that the proposed control approach can guarantee that all the signals in the closed-loop system are semiglobally uniformly ultimately bounded (SGUUB), and the angle of the generator rotor follows a desired value. Simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the approach.     

基于尾流时程目标识别的流场参数选择研究

浸入流场中的固体壁面会形成高度复杂且具有一定特征的尾流流场, 利用尾流所包含的信息对物体的外形特征进行识别具有重要的应用价值. 然而, 在较高雷诺数情况下尾流流场形态及其时序特征复杂, 难以通过传统的数学物理方法对流场信号进行特征的识别与提取. 本文提出了基于尾流时程数据深度学习的流场特征提取与分析方法, 实现了基于一点的物理量时程进行流场中物体外形的识别; 同时, 对流场中不同物理参数时程的识别精度与识别结果进行分析与研究, 得到适用于目标识别的最优物理量参数. 通过对圆柱和方柱的尾流数据研究结果表明, 本文提出的基于卷积神经网络的模型具有好的训练收敛性和高的预测精度, 能够识别并提取得到时程数据中包含的流场特征, 采用流场横向速度时程作为物体外形识别信号的模型准确率高. 证明了本方法用于浸入流场中物体外形识别的可行性, 是一种目标识别的高精度方法.